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COOPER returned to the bus, instructed everyone to check into their room then come right down to the dining room for the evening meal. Prepared by Stephen Ames. [29] U-23 returned to port on 29 January. The presentation was made by Dnitz following his return to Lorient. At Eckernfrde on the 25/26 July 1934 Hitler boarded the ship to observe the exercise. He had a great sense of humor during one Patrol in Germany, our bus stopped at our little gasthaus and COOPER went inside to check on the rooms. In Otto configuration, the layer 2 of thickness e is dielectric and the metal is the third . They were both sunk within seven hours, during which the U-boat fired ten torpedoes and four rounds from the deck gun, while the vessels returned fire without damaging the U-boat. A prize crew boarded to sail it to Bordeaux. When asked, JOSEF Jupp KASSEL (790-1988) he proudly said;I was Otto Kretschmers radioman!. [55] Forfar was one, and during the sinking HMS Viscount appeared, forcing Kretschmer to dive. [46] Kretschmer's logbook recorded the chaos. He sank four ships and damaged three. Otto Kretschmer (1 May 1912 - 5 August 1998) was a German naval officer and submariner in World War II and the Cold War. After a running convoy battle in which KRETSCHMER did not sleep for two days straight, he exhausted his torpedoes and set course for home. Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: One Torpedo, One Ship: An appraisal of Otto Kretschmers U-boat tactics, 19391941, /doi/full/10.1080/00253359.2021.1898209?needAccess=true. [39], Among the victims was the Estonian ship, Merisaar, 2,126GRT. From September 1939 until his capture in March 1941 he sank 44 ships, including one warship, a total of 274,333 tons. Kretschmer waited for the crew to take to the lifeboats before destroying the ship with a torpedo. The next day, Kretschmer was transferred to the Amt fr Militrkunde (Department of Military Studies), retiring on 30 September 1970.[18]. Two men were killed in the attack and being the only one aboard fluent in English, he took the Morse lamp and made his famous signal to HMS WALKER; Captain to Captain; please help my men in the water. 1871), a Germanborn naturalised Briton. [80], On 1 December 1955, Kretschmer joined West Germany's navy, at the time named the Bundesmarine (Federal Navy), holding the rank of Fregattenkapitn (Commander). Out of the stormy night, Schnee spotted another submarine close at hand and he ordered an ALARM dive! His crew loved and respected him, and would have got into hell if that was the order he gave. He enrolled at Exeter University (then University College of the South West of England) and studied under Professor Jacob Wilhelm Schopp (b. Kretschmer was also involved in the Battle of Bowmanville. The British report noted of Kretschmer, "His political views were less extremely Nazi than had been assumed. [32] Loch Maddy Hermann Michahelles, Otto Kretschmer became commander of U-35 until 15 August 1937. On the night of 18/19 October, Berndt escaped from the camp. When war broke out, Kretschmer was on U-23, a short-range submarine which could not operate as far as the Atlantic, so had to stay in the North Sea. Kretschmer travelled the world as he rose up through the ranks, before joining the U-boat service in 1936. Laurentic of 18.724 brt and H.M.S. He did not return to England from his hiatus, but travelled through France, Switzerland and Italy. At the time, Kretschmer . So how was it that he was sunk? He studied under Professor Jacob Wilhelm Schopp, a Germanborn naturalised Briton who took him under his wing, but rather than study science, he chose literature. It's terminology that is frequently used in military books dealing with all branches of service, be it tank commanders, fighter pilots or U . [72], Once in London, Royal Navy interrogators questioned the crew. It went passed its crushing depth of 700m, and all looked lost. Haunted by him, Kretschmer ordered the boat to backtrack until the survivor was found. Kretschmer was presented with an opportunity to put his "one torpedo, one ship" mantra into practice. The Life of Germany's Highest Scoring U-boat Commander. By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. He departed from Wilhelmshaven for his eighth war patrol on 9 February. [9] Kretschmer's first operational experience on a submarine was as a lieutenant on the U-35 in 1937 as first watch officer under the command of Klaus Ewerth and then Hans-Rudolf Rsing. [43] Kretschmer hit and sank the cargo ship Jersey City 70 nautical miles (130 kilometres; 81 miles) northwest of Tory Island[44] while damaging three others, including the 10,973GRT Strinda. A fall caused fatal injuries. Kretschmer was subsequently awarded the Iron Cross second class. Death: November 08, 1981 (85) Millicent, South Australia, Australia. The ship was loaded with coal, set for Buenos Aires, Argentina. German U-boat commander Otto Kretschmer studied literature at the University of Exeter before becoming a German war hero, Kretschmer spent almost a year at the University of Exeter - known as University College of the South West of England, Seamen abandoning a blazing tanker in an oil painting by John Hamilton. COOPER said that this was one of the warmest compliments he had ever received. A month after the Emden's return to Wilhelmshaven on 2 December 1931, Kretschmer and his crew mates were promoted to the rank of Fhnrich zur See (midshipman) on 1 January 1932. [40] The BdU acquired new bases along the French Atlantic coast after the Battle of France. Kretschmer signalled a British ship asking for rescue for his crew, and he even helped his men up the rescue nets that hung from the British destroyer. He commissioned U-99 on 18 April 1940 which was part of the 7th U-boat Flotilla. Studies in Marine Corps History and Amphibious Warfare, Studies in Naval History and Sea Power series. Otto Kretschmer was only in combat from September 1939 until March 1941 but was Germany's highest-scoring U-boat commander, sinking 47 ships totaling 274,333 tons. When giving their wartime histories, the normal U-Bootfahrer would tell what boat he rode. The nomination was approved on 5 November 1940. Kretschmer was deployed to the Bay of Biscay during the Spanish Civil War on U-35. For this he received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords (German language: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes . The booklet was the music and award document, and the flowers were handed to him by Fraulein von Ribbentrop. ; otherwise, remain on the surface, This page was last edited on 6 December 2022, at 20:17. [Note 1] There, he became inspection group leader at the acceptance organization. [38] Acts of compassion in submarine warfare were "selective and fickle", one historian wrote when describing Kretschmer's rescue of a lone man in a raft. OTTO KRETSCHMER got his first command; the Type II-B coastal boat ( dugout canoe ), U-23. They provided clothes and alcohol, then transferred him to a lifeboat at the first opportunity. She told COOPER that he was such a fine man that she knew there would never be another like him. That boat is seen to the left on a barge going down the Donau River for Costanza, Rumania on the Black Sea coast to operate against Soviet forces under other Skippers including RUDOLF ARENDT (7563-2011). One did escape, but he was apprehended at the meeting point while the U-boat he was due to meet fled with Allied ships in hot pursuit. "He spoke English quite well, though he lacked practice. Sharkhunters President HARRY COOPER knew OTTO KRETSCHMER better than any other researcher and the two men were good friends. Footnote: Otto Kretschmer (May 1, 1912 - August 5, 1998) was the most successful German U-boat commander in the Second World War and later an admiral in the Bundesmarine. [53] Upon reaching port, he was summoned to Berlin to meet Erich Raeder. Browse 597 otto kretschmer stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. He warned Schroeder that the boat was nearly at neutral buoyancy and was riding on the vents so he should open the valves slowly and carefully. Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. Patroclus lost 56 crew; 230 survived. A detachment of the Home Guard apprehended him, shooting him when he tried to escape. His particularly brazen and risky innovation was to execute these night surface attacks inside the convoy. His wife was so devastated that she just gave up and died two years later, almost to the day. His I.W.O. He was given the opportunity to convey his opinions on the state of the U-boat war. Kretschmer captured the vessel, the only such ship seized by U-99. [15] Through the remaining Interwar period, Kretschmer developed his own approach to combat, which can be summarized by the phrase "one torpedo, one ship". Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. [79], In 1943, the German navy tried to rescue him in Operation Kiebitz but that daring plan (later dramatized in the novel The Bowmanville Break and the film, The McKenzie Break) failed. Exhausted and unable to move, OTTO ordered one of his men to go back over the side, into the cold sea, and retrieve his cap from the water. [20] Kretschmer departed from Kiel for the third war patrol on 1 October. Instead, OKM sent him an administrative officer, H. J. von KNEBEL-DOBERITZ (681-1988) as his new I.W.O. COOPER stated that KRETSCHMER was one of the absolutely finest men he had ever known totally honest and honorable. BACK TO ADVISORS PAGE. The boat went to the yard for repairs and. Although he fought doggedly for Nazi Germany during the war, his affection for Exeter remained with him until his death. He was transported to the London Cage, a facility for MI19 to hold valuable enemy prisoners. The Norwegian Varild 1,085GRT was sunk east of the Shetland Islands. He dispensed with the standard practice of firing salvoes of torpedoes from long distances. The ships used barrels for ballast to prevent them sinking. While working on the deck gun, the boat suddenly dived. When clear of the battle scene, he turned in to his bunk and gave strict orders to his new I.W.O. A British intelligence report on him said: "His political views were less extremely Nazi than had been assumed. Schroeder never returned. Kretschmer stated that he was unmarried. Joachim Schepke arrived in U-100 and sank seven. [75] In March 1942, the prisoners were transported to Bowmanville Camp near Lake Ontario in Canada. HMS WALKER had drifted several hundred yards from the spot U-99 had disappeared and, still wearing his full set of leathers AND sea boots (filled with water), OTTO made the difficult swim to HMS WALKER only to grab onto the scramble nets as the destroyer was beginning to pick up speed they didnt know he was on the nets! Kretschmer stated that he was unmarried.". Only five sailors survived. [41] A notable failure on the patrol occurred in the interception of HMS Manistee. He had to return to port to repair the damage. 2.6K views, 39 likes, 4 loves, 2 comments, 23 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from German U-Boats Crews and Commanders: Otto Kretschmer (1 May 1912 - 5 August 1998) was the most successful German. Otto passed away on month day 1981, at age 85 at death place. Otto Kretschmer was the Watch Officer of U-35 from 03 November 1936 - 30 July 1937. To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. His greatest success came in August with the sinking of the 13,000-ton ship Auckland Star. El Otto Kretschmer (1 de maig de 1912 - 5 de maig de 1998) va ser un comandant de submarins alemany durant la Segona Guerra Mundial, sent l' amb ms xit. He did not come through the hatch he must be lost at sea. After completing his officer training and time on the training ship Niobe he served aboard the light cruiser Emden. From September 1939 to March 1941, Germany's Otto Kretschmer terrorised Allied shipping on the high seas. [18] Kretschmer served in this function until 18 June 1964 when he was appointed chief-of-staff of the Befehlshaber der Seestreitkrfte der Nordsee (German national Commander Naval Forces North Sea). Rahmlow and his second-in-command, Bernhard Berndt, were found "guilty of cowardice"; the other two officers were "acquitted". The sound of the depth charges nearby rattled von KNEBELand he dived the boat! She was launched on 12 March 1940 under the command of Korvettenkapitn Otto Kretschmer and was assigned to the 7th U-boat Flotilla based in Kiel and later in St Nazaire . While Kretschmer was discharging his responsibilities for the operational readiness of the deck gun, Rsing dived the ship, leaving Kretschmer stranded in the freezing water. [20] On his fifth patrol (515 December) he was ordered to explore the inner waters around the Orkney Islands and engage any remaining Home Fleet units that had departed from Scapa Flow in the aftermath of Gnther Prien's attack. He was eventually promoted to the rank of flotilla admiral, before becoming chief-of-staff of the NATO command. Leather strap partially torn from case.- 2) Tasco 7x35 fully coated 304. Such were his expertise, he re-joined the navy in 1955. The officers were also taken to the prisoner-of-war camp at Grizedale Hall. [9], In 1933 Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party came to power. His whole demeanour was calm and quiet, and he seemed anxious to be friendly; he was also less suspicious of British officers than was his First Lieutenant. He admitted that he had become weary of the war some time ago, and latterly had got no satisfaction from sinking ship after ship. 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